Neurosarcoidosis happens when inflamed tissue clumps affect the brain, spinal cord, or nerves. Symptoms vary and may include weakness, vision problems, or seizures. Doctors use tests like MRI and biopsy to diagnose it. Steroids are the main treatment, and early care improves outcomes.
APOL1-mediated kidney disease, or AMKD, is a kidney disease linked to gene changes that can be passed down through families. Genes are parts of your cells that carry information from your parents. Everyone has the APOL1 gene. This gene helps your...
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a condition that happens during pregnancy when the placenta grows too deeply into the wall of the uterus. The placenta gives oxygen and nutrients to the baby. It also removes waste products. Normally the placenta...
An emergency blood transfusion is a treatment to replace blood when you have severe blood loss. You may need an emergency transfusion after serious injury, major surgery, or another health problem that causes too much blood loss. During the...
An emergency blood transfusion is a treatment to replace blood when you have severe blood loss. Losing a lot of blood can be dangerous, so it needs to be treated right away. You may lose too much blood after a serious injury, such as in a car crash...
Sarcoidosis (say "sar-koy-DOH-sus") is a disease that causes the immune system to form tiny clumps of inflamed tissue. These clumps are called granulomas. They can happen in different parts of the body. When they affect the skin, it is called...
Minimal change disease (MCD) is a kidney condition. It damages the tiny filters inside the kidneys, called glomeruli. These filters keep protein in your blood. When they are damaged, protein leaks out into the urine. The name "minimal change" comes...
Lumbar radiofrequency ablation is a way to treat long-term (chronic) pain in your lower back (called the lumbar area). Chronic low back pain is often caused by arthritis or other problems with the facet joints between the bones (vertebrae) in your...
With braces, avoid hard, crunchy, chewy, and sticky foods that can damage wires and brackets. Choose soft foods, cut food into small pieces, and chew slowly. Brush after meals and floss daily. Drink water, limit sugary or staining drinks, and ask your orthodontist if you have questions.
A PYP scan is a heart imaging test. A small amount of a substance called technetium-99m pyrophosphate (Tc-99m PYP) is put into a vein. This tracer travels through the blood and settles in parts of the heart. Then a camera takes pictures to show...